Are there ways other than Kensei Weapons or Hex Warrior to use an ability other than STR for non-finesse melee weapons?

Question

Usually melee weapons (without the finesse property) use the character's STR modifier exclusively for attack rolls and damage.

I am aware of two exceptions: The Monk (Path of the Kensei) gains the Kensei Weapons ability at Level 3 -

Kensei Weapons. Choose two types of weapons to be your kensei weapons: one melee weapon and one ranged weapon. Each of these weapons can be any simple or martial weapon that lacks the heavy and special properties. The longbow is also a valid choice. You gain proficiency with these weapons if you don't already have it. Weapons of the chosen types are monk weapons for you.

^{XGtE pg.34}

You gain the following benefits while you are unarmed or wielding only monk weapons and you aren't wearing armor or wielding a shield:

• You can use Dexterity instead of Strength for the attack and damage rolls of your unarmed strikes and monk weapons.

^{PHB pg.78}

And the Hexblade (Warlock) has Hex Warrior:

...you can touch one weapon that you are proficient with and that lacks the two-handed property. When you attack with that weapon, you can use your Charisma modifier, instead of Strength or Dexterity, for the attack and damage rolls.

^{XGtE pg.55}

Are there any other ways to dump strength without limiting your melee character to finesse weapons? I'm interested in any and all solutions that use the actual weapon's stats.

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For clarity Any solutions must fit the following attack structure
To hit: (d20 + STR??? Modifier + any bonuses [incl. Proficiency])
Damage: (Weapon dice + STR??? Modifier + any bonuses)

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Comments/answer have highlighted to me that I was especially interested in knowing if there was a way to use an ability other than STR for weapons with damage dice of d8 and over. Extra points if you can find a published way of doing this, especially if you can hit the d10s and d12s!

Answer 1

There are two others at the moment:

Martial Arts (lvl1 monk feature)

You can use Dexterity instead of Strength for the attack and damage rolls of your unarmed strikes and monk weapons. (PHB 78)

Shillelagh (druid cantrip, works only on clubs and quarterstaves)

For the duration, you can use your spellcasting ability instead of Strength for the attack and damage rolls of melee attacks using that weapon .. (PHB 275)

Answer 2

To answer what you were actually interested in (d8+ weapon damage using a stat other than STR), you may be interested in obtaining a Sun Blade.

While the blade exists, this magic longsword has the finesse property

By combining the stats of a longsword with the additional finesse property it can reach a d10 dmg die when used with both hands while using DEX for attack/damage rolls.

Answer 3

Become a Battle Smith

(Requires playing on Eberron, or your DM allowing the Artificer class in a non-Eberron setting)

At third level Battle Smiths gain the following benefits:

• You gain proficiency with martial weapons.

• When you attack with a magic weapon, you can use your Intelligence modifier, instead of Strength or Dexterity modifier, for the attack and damage rolls.

--- Eberron: Rising from the Last War, p. 60

The requirement of it being a magic weapon is trivial, as you can simply use one of your infusions to make your maul, greataxe, lance, into a +1 magical weapon.

Hexwarrior (with pact of the blade)

As mentioned in the question, the hexblade's Hexwarrior feature allows you to attack using charisma with a chosen weapon, however without taking the Pact of the Blade at 3rd level it is limited to weapons without the two-handed property.

Shillelagh

The druid cantrip shillelagh lets you use your spellcasting modifier to make attacks with the affected weapon, thus if you're a druid or choose druid for your magic initiate feat, you'll use wisdom. If you take it using the Bard's Magical secrets or the Warlock's Pact of the Tome you'll use Charisma to make those attacks. The catrip sets the affected club or staff to a damage die of d8.

Monks

For completeness: Monks can use dexterity instead of strength when making unarmed attacks or attacks using monk weapons, which the Kensei subclass extends to include some chosen martial weapons. They can also replace the damage die with their martial arts die, which at higher levels scale up to a d12.