No (outside DM fiat, such as allowing dispel magic to remove magical effects that are caused by non-spells), but it can be suppressed and detected.
The bond is "a magical bond between yourself and one weapon". As such, things that can generally affect magical effects can affect the bond. I'm unaware of a more general version of dispel magic that can remove any magical effects (as opposed to ones specifically caused by spells), but there are a few spells that can take advantage of the bond being magical.
Antimagic field suppresses magical effects (including non-spell ones) within its area. If either the Eldritch Knight or the weapon is within the area, the bond should be suppressed and the weapon should not be able to be summoned. This, of course, comes with a limited timespan unless a permanent location with the same properties exists within your setting.
Detect magic can detect if an object bears magic, which a bonded object would since the bond itself is magic. Granted, it's likely indistinguishable from any other magic the sword would bear; this method would only be useful in detecting that something suspicious was going on if the sword was supposed to be mundane.
Identify would teach the caster any magical properties of the (magic-imbued) object, which would include the bond. If the dragon happened to be a curious enough fellow to wonder what the properties of the item it obtained was, finding a method of casting identify on it would reveal the ruse and potentially draw the ire of the dragon a bit earlier than expected.
Beyond these, I'm unaware of any method beyond extradimensional storage (such as a bag of holding) the dragon could use in preventing its theft or removing the bond.