# When upcasting Cause Fear, do targets need to be within 30 feet of all other targets, or just any one target?

The Cause Fear spell states the following about upcasting it (emphasis mine):

When you cast this spell using a spell slot of 2nd level or higher, you can target one additional creature for each slot level above 1st. The creatures must be within 30 feet of each other when you target them.

Other spells, such as Charm Person, have identical limitations on upcasting. If you cast such a spell at 3rd level (i.e. on up to 3 targets), can you chain the spell, so that each target is within 30 feet of another target, but two of them are not within 30 feet of each other?

Visualization (X = targets, C = caster):

             C
X <--30ft--> X <--30ft--> X
^----------65ft-----------^


To clarify, my issue is whether every creature has to be within 30 feet of every other target, or whether it is enough if they're within 30 feet of at least one other target. Just assume that all targets are within 60 feet of the caster, that's not the issue here.

Would this satisfy the condition given by the spell?

# No, all of the targets must be within 30' of each other

Casting Cause Fear with a higher level spell slot allows the caster to target more creatures. All of the targets must be within 60' of the caster and within 30' of each other.

The wording of the constraint that additional targets "must be within 30' of each other" means that no target may be further than 30' from another target. The spell Chain Lightning provides an example of a different constraint more like what your diagram depicts: "each must be within 30' of the first target."

• if the middle creature is close to the caster, the other targets are still within range. This answer does not address the issue at hand at all. Dec 2 '18 at 12:06
• I think what Tuorg is trying to say is that, in the spell description, the range is 60'. The clause about additional targets does not change that.
– PJRZ
Dec 2 '18 at 12:17
• All of the targets must be within 60' of the cast and within 30' of each other, @PixelMaster. In your diagram, depending on where the caster is, either one of the targets is beyond 60' from the caster or the targets are more than 30' from one another. Dec 2 '18 at 12:31
• I edited the question to clarify my issue. Hope this clears it up :) Dec 2 '18 at 12:53
• "The spell Chain Lightning provides an example of a different constraint more like what your diagram depicts" - I think 'each must be within 30 feet of the previous target' is more what the diagram is suggesting. Which, barring any additional constraints, would theoretically allow unlimited range if your targets are nice enough to line up for you. The difference between Charm and Chain Lightning seems to be that the former gives you a 30-foot diameter to work with (positioned anywhere), while the latter gives you a 30-foot radius (centered on your first target). Dec 2 '18 at 23:22