There is no supplement that directly lists all options of psychics, psionics or innate mental abilities that tap into one's power of the mind or is strictly about them.
There are several supplements which have, albeit limited, options of psychics and psionics as content, these are Acquisitions Incorporated, Ghosts of Saltmarsh, Guildmasters' Guide to Ravnica, Lost Laboratory of Kwalish, Monster Manual, Mordenkainen’s Tome of Foes, Out of the Abyss, Sword Coast Adventurer's Guide and Volo's Guide to Monsters.
The most psychic content in one supplement is in Mordenkainen’s Tome of Foes. The most psionic content is in the Monster Manual and Mordenkainen’s Tome of Foes.
You may want to use the search function provided by D&D Beyond to identify which kind of psychic, or psionic options pique your interest.