There's nothing in the rules that tells us whether it's immediately obvious what spell a scroll is designed to produce. I see touchstones that pointing us in either direction:

### Arguments for "everyone knows what spell's on that scroll"

+ Teleological: it's (often) the purpose of scrolls to be used by those other than the author. And they're consumed upon use, so I can't just try it in a safe setting.
+ Scrolls are, according to DMG5e p.139, readable by anyone literate. Doesn't that include the 'title' of the scroll? Or at least enough text to get the gist?
+ We don't have *Read Magic* anymore, which from ODD to 3.5 was the required... well, sometimes required... well, at least, *useful* way to figure out what spell was on the scroll without casting it.

### Arguments against "everyone knows what spell's on that scroll"

+ Use *Identify*. That's what it's for. (At least, that's one of the things it'll do.)
+ Spells aren't, according to DMG5e p.200, readable by *anyone* literate. They're unintelligible if the spell contained isn't on your class's spell list.
+ Both *Scroll of Protection* and *Spell Scroll* descriptions in the DMG tell you what happens when the scroll is read. There's nothing to indicate that the reader has foreknowledge of the effects. So it's up to the DM. "*But this interpretation is ludicrous! What kind of a world would we have if...?*" I live in a world where you can give me intelligible instructions for a series of actions to take on my computer, and I may have no idea what the end result would be. Why not the same for magic, *specifically written to be read/executable by laypersons*? 

###In short...
There aren't specific procedures--which did exist in earlier editions--for knowing what the end result of a scroll is. 

Most DMs I know from AL will say "you found a scroll of *Speak with Animals.*" There's your answer at that table. But I know plenty of DMs who'll say "you found a scroll" and grin like a Cheshire Cat.