Outside of skills (and potential saving throws), for a single-class charachtercharacter there aren't any specific consequences of choosing one attribute over another. All spells are designed around spell modifiers. Whichever attribute you use for that modifier makes no difference.
But skills are nothing to scoff at. In case of your example:
There are five Wisdom skills, but there are four Charisma skills, and Wisdom skills are in general more versatile (as the Charisma skills often end up being different ways to accomplish the same result, but not always). Presuming you'd put most of your points in Wisdom, this gives a greater advantage in a general situation. But you also have to take passive perception into account, which is almost a skill of its own. There's nothing game breaking here, but the Wisdom skills provide considerably more utility than Charisma. Experienced and/or imaginative players will know how to take advantage of this (should they choose to do so).
Though you can't Medicine your way out of combat, so if your PC's aren't a bunch of bloodthirsty savages his lower Charisma will make it harder for him to try and settle things in a peaceful manner (which, ironically, is something a wise character should be prone to trying).
In general, if you find your Sorcerer taking advantage of his Wisdom skills often, try to counter-balance it by increasing the frequency of situations where Charisma truly shines.